NATS 1610 Lecture Notes - Lecture 20: Relative Atomic Mass, Functional Group, Cellulose
20 Nov 2015
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Document Summary
Proteins, dna carbohydrates and other molecules found in all living organisms: are composed of carbon atoms bonded to each other, and atoms of other elements. It has 6 protons, 6 neutrons and 6 electrons (4 in outer shell), Also they may include double or triple bonds. Hydrocarbons and functional groups: hydrocarbons- hydrogen atoms attached to a carbon backbone. They are non polar and don"t dissolve in water. Coh, -c=o), phosphate( -po4 or p), amino(-nh2, -nh3), sulfhydryl(-sh or s-s-). Carbon rings: carbons are numbered to identify them, for example: glucose. Here one monomer provides hydroxyl group (oh) another provides (h) together these form water (h2o). And this process in aided by enzymes- synthetases: macromolecules are degraded by hydrolysis reaction. H and oh groups, each of them attach to where the covalent bond used to be( their initial places). Hydrolysis- dominate the digestive process, and aided by enzymes-
