NATS 1840 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Oxy-Fuel Welding And Cutting, Chemical Industry, Bakelite
22 Feb 2019
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Document Summary
Nats 1840 lecture 11 science and engineering in industry. 18th century, craft production, manufacturing, science, engineers. Late 19th / early 20th century, science, new products, production methods, efficiencies. Theoretical science and applied science, shift of interest over century. Capitalists, publications, university contacts, r+d laboratories, science for profit, efficiency. Science based industry in us, chemistry and physics (electricity) Scientific r+d long and expensive, excess capital, traditional manufacturing profits, financial speculation, industrial consolidation (vertical integration) Family owned industries, large corporations, diverse products, consolidation. 1920"s: 500+ mergers in chemical & electrical industries. Small number of large companies dominant: dow, union carbide, Wide range of products: union carbide: carbon, alloys, oxyacetylene, liquid gas, bakelite and plastics, dupont explosives, gasoline, and automobile applications. Diffusion to petroleum, metallurgy, paper, cement, photography, fertilizer, steel industries. The chemical industry in the us industrial revolution, high demand, batch production and synthetics. Generic chemicals: acids, alkalis, inorganic salts for manufacturers.
