NATS 1610 Lecture Notes - Stop Codon, Start Codon, Transfer Rna
Document Summary
Sharing a common genetic code: transplanting dna (one species can be programmed to produce proteins of other species, ex. Firefly gene artificially inserted into a tobacco plant: the genetic code: converts the linear sequences of bases in dna to the sequence of amino acids in proteins. During translation ribosomes interpret a series of codons along a mrna molecule: dna: carries code for protein primary structure, mrna: codons-nucleotide triplets (each specifies a specific. Addition (insertion) of a u shifts the reading frame and changes the codons and amino acids specified. Polyribosomes: many ribosomes work on the same mrna transcript at the same time: multiple copies of the same polypeptide formed simultaneously. Mutations: are changed in the genetic material of a cell( (or virus) large scale: long segments of dna affected (translocations, duplications and inversions) point mutation: one vase pair of a gene is affected.
