NATS 1610 Lecture Notes - Thymidine Triphosphate, Phosphodiester Bond, Exonuclease
Document Summary
Dna: deoxyribonucleic acid: genetic material (found principally in chromosomes, between cell divisions-chromatin) Number and sequence of nucleotides is unique to each different kind of dna molecule. Semi conservative replication of dna is enabled by its structure: parental dna unwinds, hydrogen bonds between strands break and molecule unzips, new nucleotides fit beside each parental strand (template, dna polymerase (enzyme) joins new nucleotides. 2 identical molecules result: add nucleotides in a 5" to 3" direction, i. e. new dna nucleotides added at 3" end of the growing dna strand (daughter strand, use a single stranded region of dna as a template. Origin of replication: site of start point for replication. Dna helicase: binds to dna, travels 5" to 3" along parental dna template strand, using atp to separate strand and move replication fork forward. Dna topoisomerase: relieves additional coiling ahead of replication fork. Single strand binding proteins: keep parental strands open to act as templates.
