NATS 1610 Lecture Notes - Citric Acid Cycle, Cellular Respiration, Eukaryote
Document Summary
The structure of an animal eukaryotic cell: they consist of cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, cytoplasm is divided into the cytosol and organelles. Cytosol is the gel like fluid portion of the cell. Metabolism: intracellular chemical reactions: degradation, synthesis, transformation of small organic molecules (linear or cyclic reactions) Coenzymes: enzyme helpers: molecules that move hydrogen atoms and electrons to the sites of chemical reactions in cells, e. g. When substrate molecules contact enzymes active the site for a brief time and form the product. The active site brings the substrate molecules close enough so they interact to form the product sites, they bind to: enzyme shape may change, when the product molecule is released, the enzyme returns to original shape. Anabolic pathways: favor the synthesis of molecules for building up organs and tissues. Catabolic pathways: favor the breakdown of complex molecules into more simple ones. Energy source for the body is the chemical energy in the carbon bonds of digestion food (atp-
