NATS 1675 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Genetically Modified Organism, Directed Evolution, 40 Minutes
6 Feb 2018
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Genetic engineering is also referred to as dna engineering, biotechnology, recombinant dna and gene manipulation. A ge(cid:374)eti(cid:272) e(cid:374)gi(cid:374)eer defi(cid:374)ed the topi(cid:272) as (cid:862)ho(cid:449) (cid:271)asi(cid:272) (cid:271)iolog(cid:455) (cid:272)an be manipulated to make (cid:373)o(cid:374)e(cid:455)(cid:863) Think of genetic engineering as human influenced or human directed evolution. This is done by cloning: a clone is a group of identical cells all derived from a single ancestor. Under optimum conditions, bacteria divide once every 20 to 40 minutes. If a bacterium divides every 40 minutes, it will go through 12 generations in an 8 hour day, i. e. ,1-->2-->4-->8--> --> --> 4,048 identical cells will be produced from a single cell. Within one or two days it is possible to produce a culture containing millions of identical cells. Not only does this enable the production of adequate amounts of genetically engineered proteins, but greatly facilitates the study of how traits are passed from generation to generation.
