PSYC 2230 Lecture Notes - Motivation, Vale Limited
Document Summary
Selected concepts: rogers and the fully functioning person: Self-actualization: white and competence motivation: called effectance motivation as well, represents an attempt to master the environment, decharms: personal causation is to be a personal agent in producing changes in one"s environment. Origins: perceive that behaviour influenced by their own (internally) chosen choices (powerful). Pawns: perceive that behaviour is controlled by external forces (powerless): berlyne: intrinsic motivation: the value associated with performing a particular activity. Much behaviours are not inspired by drive reduction as by the need to resolve incongruity and explore novelty. Behaviours are not excursively under the control of external reinforcement and the accompanying drive-reduction: in absence of major needs, organism motivated to behave. Under conditions of low need organisms display exploratory, curiosity, and manipulatory behaviours. No external reinforcement necessary: incongruity: small amounts of difference between one"s experience and new information motivate so as to master and resolve the incongruity, optimal level of incongruity serves to motivate: