PSYC 3280 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: European Herring Gull, Inclusive Fitness, Nest Box
4 Feb 2018
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When the frog was a tadpole mother did not do anything. Mothering made no difference to frogs before metamorphosis. Herring gulls adjust defense behaviour with vulnerability of offspring. Parenting offspring conflict: recall from evolutionary theory. Individual fitness = reproductive outcome: benefits to helping 1 offspring / cost of more offspring > 1, recall from kin selection. Inclusive fitness = reproductive outcome + rep. outcome of relatives: benefits to relatives/cost to self > r, example, nursing. Benefit to offspring goes down as it gets older: cost to parent goes up as it gets bigger, and time could be spent on other children. For a parent to raise a child the benefits has to outweigh the costs. The costs will slowly go down to zero eventually. The costs of not receiving a resource will make the baby have a more extreme adaptation. The costs of adaptations for the baby will be more extreme *** on the exam.
