PSYC 4030 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Long-Term Memory, Working Memory, Metacognition
1 May 2018
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PSYC 4030
Lecture 5
o Why is the metaphor of the “empty vessel” not an
appropriate description of learning?
Because it implies that there is a stopping point, which
there is not one.
We bring our own knowledge to each situation and this
impacts what we learn and how quickly we learn it.
We are active processors of information, not passive
recipients.
• No one can make us learn
• You have to take leadership for your own learning.
o Define encoding, retrieval and elaboration.
Distinguish between working memory and long-
term memory.
Encoding: Taking information and putting it into a code
that your brain can memorize and store. It’s like
learning.
Retrieval: When you bring information back from long-
term memory and become aware of it.
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Document Summary
Because it implies that there is a stopping point, which there is not one. We bring our own knowledge to each situation and this impacts what we learn and how quickly we learn it. We are active processors of information, not passive recipients: no one can make us learn, you have to take leadership for your own learning, define encoding, retrieval and elaboration. Distinguish between working memory and long- term memory. Encoding: taking information and putting it into a code that your brain can memorize and store. Retrieval: when you bring information back from long- term memory and become aware of it. Long-term memory: factual knowledge, procedures, experiences: what are the characteristics of working memory (e. g. , its duration, capacity?) If not kept active by rehearsal, information is lost quickly from working memory. 2) example: a) want to do well on an exam (goal, b) have i learned this well enough? (monitoring, c) i am going to re-read this material (control)
