BIOSCI 106 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Cephalosporin, Chloramphenicol, Natural Product
6 Sep 2013
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Document Summary
Kills bacteria that cause syphilis specific against treponemia pallidum. Lactam antibiotics -penicillin successful, non toxic because humans do not have equivalent to cell wall so not effected by inhibitor. Bacteria can produce b-lactamase that can combat b lactams antibiotic effect. Cell wall contains polymer of 2 monomer units nam and nag and b-1,4 linkages between. D amino acids present, not present in humans, this is targeted by penicillin. Affects the assembly of the cell wall causing the bacteria to become osmotically unstable causing the cell to burst and die. This is due to the o=c-n bond in the beta lactam ring. this interferes with cell wall protein formation. Different r groups for different types of penicillin. Inhibits transpeptidase preventing crosslinks from forming terminal d-ala-d-ala peptide bond broken - new peptide bond formed between cooh of d-ala and nh2 of glycine. The c-n of penicillin is a structural analogue of the peptide bond.
