BIOSCI 202 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Dna Profiling, Gene Duplication, Tandem Repeat
4 Sep 2013
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Document Summary
50% is repeated sequences, within that are transposable elements that move around the genome resulting in most mutations. Is larger than prokaryotes, vary by ~5000 fold between the largest and the smallest. No relationship between genome size and phenotypic complexity. Humans have one of the smallest number of genes per genome, haploid genome is 3200 mbp. Prokaryotes have 1500-7500 genes per a genome while eukaryotes have 5000-40000 genes. In eukaryotes the number of genes in a species is lower than expected when compared to size of genome. 93% of human genes can be spliced multiple ways with multiple exons. No relationship between complexity and number of genes. Prokayotes have highly condensed genomes while eukaryotes have largely uncondensed genomes. Encode proteins, make up 1. 5% of genome. Gene regulatory sequences account for 20% of genome and introns account for 5%. Remainder 15% is unique non coding dna and spacer sequences.
