280 .201 Lecture Notes - Urease, Protein Structure, Heterotroph

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Microorganisms require energy: because they work against entropy. They require entropy for growth and multiplication including the synthesis of new cellular materials. They also require energy for mobility the flipping of flagella required atp. It is also required for active transport of materials into cell and repair cellular damage. The energy is from the nutrients in their environment. Metabolism is the sum of all chemical reactions within a living cell. Nb: catabolic reactions are used to get energy out of food and anabolic reactions are used for growth and multiplication of microbes and the synthesis of new cellular molecules of these microbes. Breaking down complex molecules using oxidation reduction reactions. Small organic compound molecules are taken in from the outside to be utilised. Most bacteria, all fungi, protozoa and animals are chemoheterotrophs: they use organic molecules and them oxidise them. This is where complicated organic molecules are broken down into simple molecules that can be utilised by the microorganism.

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