PHAL303 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Somnolence, Palpitations, Buspirone

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Normal emotional response to a perceived threat. Becomes a psychiatric disorder when symptoms : cause distress, impair everyday functioning. Characterized by: excessive anxiety and worry occurring more days than not for at least 6 months, impairment in: Social, occupational or other important area of functioning: at least 3 of the following: Serotonin (5ht: buspirone, ssri"s, snri"s (na reuptake inhibitors) Direct gabaa receptor agonists: (i. e. does not need presence of gaba to open channels) Largely replaced by benzodiazepines: now only used for: High risk in overdose: particularly combined with other cns depressants (e. g. alcohol, leads to respiratory depression (coma/death, no antidote / selective antagonist. Uses include: anxiolytic, muscle relaxant (possibly reduces headaches, hypnotic, amnestic sedative, anticonvulsant. Advantages: fast acting (no therapeutic delay, larger therapeutic window, relatively safer in overdose. Effective antagonist flumazenil (also a benzodiazepine) Wide range available dependent on pharmacokinetic properties: short duration of action (acute anxiety & insomnia (12-18 hours)):

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