PSYC-115 FA5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 21: Inferior Parietal Lobule, Inferior Frontal Gyrus, Gallese
13 Jun 2018
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April 13, 2018
Lecture 21: Brain and Behavior: Empirical Analyses
**phrenology set the stage that the brain has localized units
●Learning and memory
○Explicit and Declarative Memories
■Semantic memory: facts, concepts
■Episodic memory: events, experiences
○Implicit memory
■Procedural memory: basic skills you don’t need to think about
○Retrograde (present)
○Anterograde (absent)
○HM could not remember new things that happened to him since the surgery after his
hippocampus was removed; his retrograde memory (what happened before the surgery)
was fine but anterograde was lost
●Recordings- manipulate and record
●*engram- where memory lives in the brain; classical conditioning occurs in the cerebellum
○MRI- magnetic resonance imaging
●Urback-Wiethe Disease: skin gets rough and think esp around the eyes and have calluses in the
brain; don’t feel fear; affects the amygdala, which is responsible for emotionality/fear; no amygdala
means no fear
●Parkinson’s disease- basal ganglia
●Brain is modular; each modular component is devoted to specific and diff things; the brain is not
equipotential
●Mirror neurons
○Demonstration
■Rizzolatti, Fogassi and Gallese- University of Parma (lae1980s)
■Monkey reaches for pieces of food and examined neuronal firing
■Same neurons fire when monkey observes a person picking up food
■Follow-up shows similar effects with mouth and facial gestures
■Mirror neurons only work if the monkey has had the experience before
○Brain activation
■F5- inferior frontal gyrus
■PFG- inferior parietal lobule
○Macaque vs human
○Implications
■Intentionality (theory of the mind)
■Empathy
■Pre-language
Document Summary
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