ES 2030 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Appendicular Skeleton, Axial Skeleton, Irregular Bone
Document Summary
Matrix properties are calcium salts and collagen. Axial skeleton is bones of the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage. Appendicular skeleton is bones of the upper and lower limbs, shoulder, arms, and legs. Diaphysis is a tubular shaft that forms the axis of long bones. Epiphyses are the expanded ends of long bones. Short bones (cube shaped bones of wrist and ankle with in tendons) ie) patella (knee) Flat bones (thin, flat, a bit curves) ie) sternum, most skull bones. Irregular bone (complicated shapes) ie) vertebrae and hip bone. Short, flat, and irregular bones have thin plates compact bone on outside with spongy bone of the inside. Bone markings are bulges, depressions, and holes that serve as sites of attachment for muscles, ligaments, tendons, joint surfaces, and blood vessels/nerves. Function of bones are support, protection, movement, and mineral storage. Compact bone is the dense outer layer.
