FER-1000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Sorbitol, Microorganism, Spinach
5 Feb 2017
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Look like a carbohydrate but with no oxygen double bonding. Looks like a(cid:373)i(cid:374)o (cid:272)o(cid:373)pou(cid:374)ds (cid:271)ut does(cid:374)"t have (cid:374)itroge(cid:374) Need to be in monosaccharides for (single units) to be absorbed. Simple sugars (monosaccharides: glucose (most common sugar, fructose (plant sugar, lactose (milk sugar, sucrose (glucose + fructose) Polysaccharides: starch (long chains of glucose, pectin, cellulose (not digestible by humans) V shaped bond between sugars are easily digestible. Straight bonds mean you need a special enzyme to digest. Sugar alcohols are non-digestible and will make things sweeter without adding calories. Non-usable by microorganism so not used in fermentation. Can be used as a non-fermentable sweetener. High amounts of sugar alcohols can have laxative effects. Scale showing how sweet substances are: sucrose = 100, lactose = 20, sucralose = 60,000. Oligosaccharides: 3 10 monosaccharides long. Bonds can be broken by heat, acid, or a specific enzyme. What is an acid: on a very basic level, something that can donate a proton.
