FER-1000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Wild Type, Zygosaccharomyces, Ethyl Acetate

• School: App State
• Department: Fermentation Sciences
• Course: FER-1000
• Professor: Craig Seaver

Document Summary

Gram-positive and gram negative cells are the major division. Gram-(cid:374)egati(cid:448)e do(cid:374)"t stai(cid:374), g(cid:396)a(cid:373)-positive do because of different cell wall composition. Natural habitats surfaces of plant tissues. Nutritional requirements: reduced c source, minerals, nitrogen, vitamins. Sugar fungus: ferments glucose / fructose, sucrose and raffinose; assimilate glucose / fructose, sucrose, raffinose, maltose and ethanol, saccharomyces cervisiae, saccharomyces bayanus. Yeast cells end up with bud-scars; need oxygen to regenerate cell wall membranes. Yeast require sugar (carbon), nitrogen, and other growth factors. Can reproduce sexually, but predominantly asexual reproduction. Budding: can occur indefinitely but during fermentation oxygen is the limiting factor. Nitrogen can be in the form of amino acids (organic) or inorganic (ammonia) Can add yeast nutrients (cell preparations) and dap (diammonium phosphate) Other requirements: phosphate, potassium, magnesium, sulfur, and trace elements. Vitamins (thiamin, riboflavin, panthenoic acid, nicotinamide, inositol) are also required based on species and growth conditions.