GLY-1103 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Siberian Traps, Shield Volcano, Monogenetic Volcanic Field
Document Summary
Large broad, high volume, commonly submarine (mona kea), high fluxes of basaltic lava, polygenetic, made by many events. Large steep sided volcanoes produced from numerous eruptions of pyroclastic and lave flows, polygenetic, notoriously unstable. Small volume, generally mafic volcanoes, composed of pumice/scoria, monogenetic. Stage 1- cinders stage 2- lava flow coms out the bottom. Domes- low volume blisters of high viscosity, intermediate to felsic magma that oozes to the surface. Tuff rings, cones, and explosion craters- craters created as rising magma encounters groundwater, water flashes to steam and explodes, little new material created in the eruption, monogenetic. Calderas- crater lake vs. yellowstone, produced when magma erupts through several vents. Magma sources: divergent boundaries- decompression melting, subduction- i(cid:374)troduces (cid:448)olatiles i(cid:374)to upper (cid:373)a(cid:374)tle, lo(cid:449)ers (cid:373)ag(cid:373)a"s (cid:373)elti(cid:374)g poi(cid:374)t, flux melting, hot spots- related to magma plumes ( hawaii and yellowstone ) Volcanoes in space- olympus mons- on mars, size of arizona and twice as tall as everest, shield volcano.
