AST 111 Lecture Notes - Lecture 18: Pioneer 10, Soot, Free Surface

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12 Nov 2015
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Ast 111: lect 18-jupiter and saturn"s satellites of fire and ice. Jupiter"s galilean moons: discovered by galileo in january 1610, easily seen using binoculars or a small telescope, they appear to move back and forth, short orbital periods, io: 1. 769 days, europa: 3. 551 days. 2x io"s orbit: ganymede: 7. 155 days. The galilean staellites have been studied using seven spacecraft: flybys with pioneer 10 (1973) and 11 (1974) Data from these missions were used to determine the masses and densities of the. Io: 3529 km/m3: europa: 3018 kg/m3, ganymede: 1936 kg/m3, callisto 1851 kg/m3. The galilean satellites formed like a mini solar system: during it"s formation, jupiter attracted so much matter that it made a miniature. If jupiter were about 80 times more massive, it would have become a bona fide star. Io is covered with colorful sulfur compounds ejected from active volcanoes.

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