BIO 181 Lecture Notes - Liposome, Close-Packing Of Equal Spheres, Peripheral Membrane Protein

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30 Sep 2013
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A carbon-containing biological molecule that is largely nonpolar and hydrophobic: most are hydrocarbons that contain only hydrogen and carbon atoms. A fatty acid is a hydrocarbon chain bonded to a carboxyl (cooh) functional group. Most fatty acids have an even number of carbon atoms. Saturation refers to the degree to which the carbon atoms in a fatty acid are linked to hydrogen atoms. Unsaturated fatty acids possess one or more double covalent bonds between 2 or more carbon atoms: the double bonds produce kinks that prevent rotation and thus limit the flexibility of the hydrocarbon chain. Unique family of lipids distinguished by a four-ring structure: they"re synthesized by cycling a special triterpenoid hydrocarbon known as squalene, steroid hormones are important signaling molecules, and sterols like cholesterol are integral components of mammalian cell membranes. Composed of 3 fatty acid monomers linked together via a glycerol molecule: triglycerides.

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