BIOL BC 1502y Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Nuclear Membrane, Gram-Negative Bacteria, Spiral Bacteria
Document Summary
Bc1502 introduction to cell and molecular biology. Staphylococcus aureus: gram positive bacteria, 0. 1 5 microns. Bacteria: two types of cell wall. Other features present in many (but not all) prokaryotes (bacteria) Depending on cell wall, we might have another outer membrane. Inside cytoplasm are ribosomes: specialized structures that make protein in cell, gene expression. Flagellum: rod or whip like structures that are attached to motor proteins and allow for movement. Pili: rigid hair like structures that help in reproduction and interactions with other cells. Glycocalyx gram negative bacteria: overarching name for polysaccharide coat that covers some bacteria, found in capsule or the slime layer. Diversity in bacterial species: shape: sphere, rod, cork-screw (cocci, bacilli, spirilla, environmental niches they occupy, metabolic requirements. Some require oxygen in order to live and some don"t. Eukaryotic means true nucleus : prokaryote means before nucleus . They are much larger in size (10-100 microns) Surface area to volume ratio is much lower.