PSY 3181 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Job Satisfaction, Motivation, Organizational Commitment
29 May 2018
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MOTIVATION & ATTITUDES (Slides of note: #3-6, 9, 11-12, 15-19, 22-24, 26-28, 33-36, 39, 46, 59, 62-63)
A. Motivation is one of the most important factors for need satisfaction and goal achievement (and
therefore performance)
1. Any force that energizes and directs people to behave
2. Intent of behavior is to satisfy needs and achieve goals
3. Conscious versus unconscious
4. Motivation performance
B. Attitudes on the job (e.g. job satisfaction, organizational commitment) are related to behavioral
intentions, which in turn may be related to measures of work behavior
C. Employee motivation and attitudes are influenced by intrinsic factors, such as:
1. Personality
2. Self-esteem
3. Locus of control?
4. Need for achievement (motivation only)
i McClelland – need for achievement, affiliation, and power
D. Motivation and attitudes are also influenced by extrinsic factors, as described in:
1. Discrepancy & needs theories e.g. Maslow’s hierarchy, ERG theory
i Employee expectations to be met – job previews (RJP)
ii Employee needs, values, wants met
1 Maslows: basic psych needs, safety needs, social needs, ego needs, and
self-actualization needs (potential)
2 ERG: Growth, relatedness, and existence
2. Job characteristics theory
i Employees desire jobs with certain characteristics
ii Variety of skills needed
iii Employee completes the entire task (task identification)
iv Tasks have meaning (task significance)
v Employee has input / control (autonomy)
vi Employee receives feedback
3. Equity theory – all about perception
i Some may feel unfair because the way their boss communicates or working
conditions
4. Social learning theory
5. Goal-setting & self-regulation theories (motivation only)
i Choose goals and set levels for each goal
ii Plan how to accomplish goals
iii Take action toward accomplishing goals (goal striving)
iv Evaluate progress toward goal attainment and either maintain, revise, or abandon
goals
6. Operant conditioning / Premack principles (motivation only)
E. Negative organizational attitudes are related to a number of important work outcomes, such as:
1. Turnover
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