BIO 1306 Lecture Notes - Lecture 41: Neural Tube Defect, Filter Feeder, Malnutrition
Document Summary
41. 1: an animal"s diet must supply chemical energy, organic molecules & essential nutrients. Essential nutrients: materials that an animal cannot assemble from simpler organic molecules: essential amino acids, essential fatty acids, vitamins, minerals. Half can be synthesized from molecules their diet. Remaining amino acids, the essential amino acids, must be obtained from food. Meats, eggs, cheese = provide all the essential amino acids & are complete proteins. Most plant proteins are incomplete in amino acid composition. Animals can synthesize most of the fatty acids they need. Essential fatty acids = must be obtained from diet. Includes: certain unsaturated fatty acids (fatty acids w/one or more double bonds) Ingesting large amounts of some minerals can upset homeostatic balance. Can have negative impacts on health + survival. Grouped in 2 categories: fat-soluble & water-soluble. Vitamins: organic molecules required in diet in very small amounts. Minerals: simple inorganic nutrients, usually required in small amounts.
