BIO 2306 Lecture Notes - Lecture 23: Chromosome Segregation, Metastasis, Chromosome
Document Summary
Chapter 23 cancer genetics: cancer background information, cancer cells: Do not respond to normal cell cycle controls. If cancer is inherited, every cell in body should have the cancer-causing gene and every cell should be become cancerous. However, tumors typically only appear only in certain tissues. Many cancers do not run in families. Conclusion: cancer is complex: knudsen"s multistep model of cancer, clonal evolution. As cells acquire more mutations, they become the dominant cell type within the tumor. Chromosome segregation (many cancer cells are aneuploids) Structural change that allows cell to invade other tissues. Mutations in many different types of genes contribute to cancer: oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes. Abnormal cell cycle = cancer inhibits fails to inhibit. The cell cycle needs stimulatory (proto - oncogenes) and inhibitory (tumor-suppressor genes) signals to function properly. Mutant proto-oncogenes are called oncogenes and cause cancer (dominant) Mutant tumor-suppressor genes can cause cancer (recessive)
