BIO 4307 Lecture 15: Cell Signaling
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It sense the external environmental cues (ligand binding) and then the membrane transmits that information based on that particular environmental cue: some signals have to be communicated across the nuclear membrane. Tf activate proteins that translocate to the nucleus and bind to promoter elements of dna to promote gene transcription: this process of sensing and responding to environmental cues include: figure 13. 1. The plasma membrane to sense cues and messages from neighboring/distant cells. These cues are called ligands or primary messengers: they can be, small ions, organic molecules, polysaccharides, peptides/proteins. It does it by using the membrane proteins that are protein receptors they bind the messenger molecule called a ligand. Dag or diacylglycerol: the ultimate effect is concentration changes (increase or a decrease) in a second messenger in response to the ligand/environmental signal, these second messengers then exert effects on cellular physiology, enzymes, a channel and release vesicles.
