GEO 1401 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Hydrolysis, Volcanic Glass, Pumice
4 Apr 2016
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Document Summary
Earth is a system (a bound organizaion) composed of layers (spheres) Lithosphere: sphere of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Hydrosphere: sphere of water: oceans, lakes, rivers, streams. Atmosphere: sphere of gas: oxygen, ozone, nitrogen, greenhouse gases, water vapor. Biosphere: sphere of living organisms: plants, animals. Core: made of iron (fe: purely solid: keeps earth held together and in rotaion. Mantle: made of iron (fe), magnesium (mg), oxygen (o), and silicon (si: mesosphere (solid that loats) and asthenosphere (luid magma), lithosphere (solid made of rocks, lithosphere= upper mantle and crust. Crust: made of oxygen (o) and silicon (si: coninental crust: composed of felsic minerals (silicates) Felsic minerals: light in weight and color, thick, Examples: quartz, feldspar, white mica: calcium (ca), aluminum (al), potassium (k), sodium (na, oceanic crust: composed of maic minerals (silicates) Maic minerals: heavy, dark in color, thin, dense, lexible. Examples: black mica, amphiboles, pyroxenes, olivine: calcium (ca), oxygen (o), silicon (si), magnesium (mg),
