PUBH 1145 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Renal Artery Stenosis, Lupus Nephritis, Chronic Kidney Disease
4 Nov 2020
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Document Summary
10 diseases & disorders of the urinary system. Kidneys : filter blood of toxins and excess electrolytes, forms urine, maintains body ph, maintains fluid balance. Urine passes from collecting tubule to ureters to bladder to urethra and out of the body. Aldosterone and adh play role in fluid / electrolyte balance. Diagnostics : bloodwork : determines efficacy of filtering, urinalysis : evaluates filtering, finds the presence of blood or infection. Sudden onset of impaired renal function, many causes. Signs & symptoms : oliguria, anuria, confusion, n/v/d, elevated bun and creatine levels. Treatment : reverse cause: fluids, abx, improve urine flow. Decrease serum potassium levels if elevated: kayexalate, cacl, insulin. Colonization of the urinary tract, primarily by bacteria: comes from skin or colon. Lower : urethritis and cystitis: signs & symptoms : cloudy urine, pain with urination, confusion, urinary frequency, flank pain, more common in females. Upper : pyelonephritis: pus in urine, flank pain.
