HIST1083 Lecture Notes - Lecture 29: Little Ice Age, Indian Ocean, Deflation
Lecture 10.20.16 Asia in the World 1500-1750
• Today’s Topis
o Population explosion (1500: 275 million, 1800: 625 million)
o Rise of the Qing Dynasty
o Mughal Empire
o Trading Companies
o Module 4 Discussion
• Indian ocean was the most active trade zone at the time
• Silver from the Americas increased the trade in this area by adding to the amount of currency
available
o Positive for some countries who could accumulate the silver (like China)→others had a
deficit (poorer countries)
• Nature had a major part in when goods got delivered and where they came from
• 16th Century Perfect Storm
o Huge demand
o Agricultural/industrial production expands
o Silver
o Tech→new ships
o Melting pot→unusual mix of demographics in cities, especially port cities
o Slavery
• Party Crashers
o Portuguese form 1498
▪ Linked to preexisting network
▪ Had expectation their role would grow and would use violence if necessary
o Altered trade patterns
o Joint stock companies
▪ Privately owned companies that sell shares and people expect returns
▪ capitalism
o East India Company (1600)
▪ First joint stock company
▪ Effectively a government monopoly on trade but the tool used is private
enterprise
▪ Traders, business men but also have armies→are’t sared to use fore to
extract trade from these countries
o Auspiio Regis et “eatus Agliae→by command of the king and parliament of
England
o Rising tension among empires
▪ Only so much ground to gain→leads to tension and conflict amongst empires
• Ming Decline
o Weakened by inflation, overspending
▪ Spends too much money defending their land
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▪ Inflation makes life more expensive
o Little Ice Age, food shortages
▪ People are getting disgruntled
o Higher taxes
▪ Adds to resentment of population of Ming Dynasty
o Deflation, money scarce
▪ No better than inflation
▪ Shrinks markets
▪ No one wants to go out and buy things
▪ Economy shrinks
o Natural disasters
▪ Disease
▪ Fires
• Machu (Qing) Dynasty
o Non-Chinese
▪ Lived outside the Great Wall
▪ Are let in, beginning of end of Ming
o Banners
▪ Military division where family, soldiers, and slaves travel as a group and take
advantage of weakening Ming Dynasty
o 1644: Manchu defeat Ming Dynasty
▪ Take Beijing
o Rule until 1911
o Expansion
▪ Expand Chinese land, largest Chinese empire to date, take Taiwan, etc.
o Continuity
▪ New they needed to get ethnic Chinese on board with them
▪ Kept Confucianism
▪ Kept Chinese civil servants
▪ Dropped their own people in to keep an eye on people just in case
o Lose your hair or your head→shaved in front, pony-tail in back→showed who was with
them or against them
▪ Needed Chinses on their side
• Emperor Kangxi (1662-1722)
o Reigned for 60 years→consolidated Manchu reign over China
o Knew that the Chinese thought of Manchu as barbarians→created scholarly image for
himself to rebut stereotype of his community
o Conquered South & Taiwan
o Population boom (250 million)→100 million 200 years before
▪ Stability helped this
o American food sources
▪ Started using corn, rice, sweet potatoes, etc.
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
