HISTORY 10 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Second Industrial Revolution, Social Darwinism, Rifling

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Polit dev w/in africa have redrawn the map. Where africa is at 1880 begins to consolidate itself. By 1880 bulk of africa characterized by legitimate trade (abol of slave trade at beg of. 18thc, inc in trade considered legitimate, increased european presence participating in it) Trade in ivory, cloths, palm oil, rubber, cotton. Some trade termed legitimate just as brutal as slave trade. Congo perceived as modern slavery w/ the rubber trade. Palm oil in niger river delta area. East africa 1820- 1870s arab swahili slave trade that covers east and central africa. Intermediate traders in area not slave trade, but provisioning the slave caravans. Trade associated w/ islamic faith in east africa. N of somalia to mozambique caravans not only exp commercial activities, but also islam, urbanization. Process of polit centralization evident, but process of political decentralization is also at play. Decentralization incl shaka"s zulu kingdom - boers, british. Church, school, hospital est by europeans, western education, literacy.

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