NUSCTX 10 Lecture Notes - Lecture 18: Adenosine Diphosphate, Anaerobic Respiration, Cellular Respiration
26 Feb 2015
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Requires energy input: catabolic pathways that break down compounds (break down protein, carbohydrates, lipids into co2, water, ammonia, etc. Energy for cells: atp adenosine triphosphate, adp adenosine diphosphate. Body"s source of energy derived from catabolic reactions of macronutrients. What results from cells" breakdown of a high-energy phosphate bond in atp: amp adenosine monophosphate. Results from hydrolysis of adp when atp levels in cell are low. Three stages of catabolism: digestion breakdown of complex molecules into their component building blocks, conversion of building blocks to acetyl-coa (or other simple intermediates, metabolism of acetyl-coa and formation of atp. Protein, carbohydrates, lipids, and alcohol can all become acetyl-coa. Oxidation reduction reactions: atp synthesis depends on transfer of electrons in a series of reactions form energy- yielding compounds to oxygen, oxidation-reduction reactions occur together. Oxidized substance loses electrons; gains oxygen/loses hydrogen. Reduced substance gains electrons; loses oxygen/gains hydrogen: nad+ and fad+ are crucial oxidation and reduction agents in metabolism.
