NUSCTX 103 Lecture Notes - Lecture 19: Acetyl-Coa Carboxylase, Hmg-Coa Reductase, Phosphatidylinositol
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Lecture 19 & 20: de novo synthesis of lipids and role of. The term de novo lipogenesis is used to describe the synthesis of new molecules of fatty acids from. This usually occurs in the fed state when substrate supply and insulin levels are high. The synthetic enzymes are in the er/cytosol, but mitochondrial metabolism usually is required to produce the appropriate precursor substrate molecules. Thus, substrate is often transferred from the mitochondria in the form of citrate. Key enzymes involved in these synthetic processes include citrate lyase, acetyl coa carboxylase and fas. The critical regulatory enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis is. Although palmitate is most commonly the form that is released from the fa, palmitate can be elongated. Fa"s also can be oxidized via mixed function oxidase enzyme complexes to produce unsaturated fa"s. Fa"s are essential when organisms lack the enzyme complexes needed to introduce double bonds at specific locations of the hydrocarbon chain.