ECON 162 Lecture Notes - Lecture 26: Unemployment, Potential Output, Market Basket

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byzantiumbat940

29 Nov 2017

School

Binghamton University

Department

Economics

Course

ECON 162

Professor

K.Christianson

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Document Summary

Gdp gap = potential gdp - actual gdp. Natural rate of unemployment a. b. c. i. Rate of unemployment when the economy is at potential gdp. Social costs a. b. c. d. e. f. The amount of output produced in the absence of cyclical unemployment. Inflation: -a sustained increase in the average level of prices over time. A sustained decrease in the value (domestic purchasing power) of money. Price index= cost of market basket in the current year. Cost of market backseat in the base year. Inflation rate = % change in the price index. Unanticipated inflation: harms lenders because the purchasing power of future loan payments declines.

Related Questions

1) Assume the following data for a country: total population, 500; population under 16 years of age or institutionalized, 120; not in labor force, 150; unemployed, 23; part-time workers looking for full-time jobs, 10. What is the size of the labor force? What is the unemployment rate?

2) If the CPI was 110 last year and is 121 this year, what is this yearâs rate of inflation? In contrast, suppose that the CPI was 110 last year and 108 this year. What is this yearâs rate of inflation? What term do economics use to describe this second outcome?

3) Use the hypothetical economy data in the table below to answer the following questions.

Amount of Real GDP Demand, in Billions	Price Level (Price Index)	Amount of Real GDP Supplied, in Billions
$180	300	$500
260	250	400
300	200	300
420	150	200
560	100	100

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a) What is the equilibrium price level and the equilibrium level of real output in this hypothetical economy? Use Excel to graph both the aggregate demand and aggregate supply curves. Can there be equilibrium level of output at below full employment?

b) At what price level will aggregate supply FALL BELOW [equal] aggregate demand? At what price level will demand fall below aggregate supply? If given a price level of 250, will aggregate demand exceed supply?

c) If the aggregate demand schedule shifted by $140 billion to the right at every level, what would be the new equilibrium level of income?

rosecheetah455

1. The peak of the business cycle

a. usually occurs when the natural rate of unemployment is equal to its actual rate.

b. is the point where an expansion ends and a recession begins

c. is the minimum level of nominal GDP.

2. The consumer price index (CPI) reflects

a. the median annual expenditures of a typical single family of four on consumer goods

b. the average price of all goods and services computed from the ratio of nominal GDP to real GDP.

c. the changes in the prices of goods and services typically purchased by consumers.

3. The Consumer Price Index is NOT used

a. to measure the average price level of all final goods and services produced

b. to compute the U.S. inflation rate.

c. to measure changes in the cost of living

4. Which of the following is true of a price index that uses a fixed market basket?

a. It excludes new goods and services

b. It accurately predicts the impact of rising prices when purchases are made at superstores.

c. It overstates the importance of items that fall in price.

5. A quality-change bias in the construction of the CPI arises because

a. big box stores that carry electronic goods routinely run sales to reduce their inventories before stocking new models.

b. consumers also shop at superstores or outlet stores

c. newer versions of a product might be more expensive but could also be better than the older version.

greydeer734

1. Gross Domestic Product equals the :
total output of all goods and services produced by resourceslocated in the U.S.
market value of all goods and services produced by resourceslocated in the U.S.
market value of all final goods and services produced by resourceslocated in the U.S.
value added to the economy by intermediate goods and services minusoriginal cost

2. Which of the following is not considered a component ofinvestment when calculating GDP?
new residential construction
construction of new factories
net increases in inventory
purchases of corporate stock

3. Which is true of leakages and injections in the circularflow?
Leakages minus injections equal GDP.
Injections minus leakages equal GDP.
Leakages minus injections equal zero in equilibrium.
Domestic leakages must equal domestic injections.

4. Because of activity in the underground economy,
GDP statistics understate the true volume of economicactivity
GDP statistics overstate the true prices in the economy
consumers are not as well off as GDP statistics indicate
firms' profits are higher than GDP statistics indicate

5. The consumer price index measures changes in
the prices of all goods and services
the prices of goods that are sold
the total cost of a specific market basket of consumer goods andservices
the total costs of all goods and services

6. The unemployment rate is the
percentage of people in the economy who do not hold jobs
percentage of the labor force that does not have a job
number of people in the economy who have given up looking foremployment
number of people in the labor force without jobs

7. Which of the following people would be classified asunemployed?
a person who wants a job as a fashion model but cannot find work inthat field
someone who quits a part-time job to attend school full-time
someone who gives up looking for a job
a person who works at a job that underemploys his or herskills

8. Frictional unemployment refers to unemployment that resultsfrom
a mismatch of skills
being in the wrong geographical location
taking the time to find the best job
seasonal decreases in demand for labor

9. If the aggregate demand curve shifts rightward,
the price level increases and output decreases
the resulting increase in the price level is usually calledcost-push inflation
the resulting increase in the price level is usually calleddemand-pull inflation
the price level increases only if there is also a leftward shift ofthe aggregate supply curve

10. The Consumer Price Index measures the cost of
all goods and services produced in the U.S. economy
all goods produced in the U.S. economy
a fixed market basket of consumer goods and services produced inthe U.S. economy
a fixed market basket of producer goods and services

ECON 162 Lecture Notes - Lecture 26: Unemployment, Potential Output, Market Basket

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