CAS BI 114 Lecture 12: BI114 Infectious Diseases of the Nervous System

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Infectious Diseases of the Nervous System
Nervous System
Sterile site
No opportunistic infections
No micro-biome
Consists mainly of: Brain, Spinal Cord, Peripheral Nerves
Sorted into: Central Nervous System (brains/spinal cord) & Peripheral Nervous System (nerves)
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
Derived from the blood that circulates around the brain and meninges
Blood is filtered by a system called the blood brain barrier before entering
The brain is an immunoprivileged site
Meninges - hover over the brain and spinal cord protecting them
Between the soft tissue of the brain and hard tissue of the skull
Synapse
Spinal cord function - communication
Synapse - a junction between neurons is called a synapse, a point of continuing communication
Neuromuscular Junction - synapses between neurons and muscle cells
Meningitis
-itis is a suffix meaning the inflammation of (ex: sinusitis, gastritis, meningitis)
Meningitis - inflammation of the meninges
Can be caused by several types of microbes (ex: bacteria, viruses, fungi)
As meninges become inflamed, they become thicker and push against the skull
Because the skull tissues is thick meninges are forced to push the other way against the soft brain
tissue
This eventually squishes the neurons and causes irreversible brain damage because once you lose
a neuron you can never get it back
Meningitis
Getting in -
Through the blood
A pathogen is generally virulent, around for a long time, has already caused blood vessel damage
Through a damage in the bones of the face/skull
Through a breech in the meninges (injection)
Commonalities to meningitis diseases -
Often fatal
Induces fever, headaches and neck stiffness
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