CAS NE 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Exon Shuffling, Noncoding Dna, Intron
20 Jul 2016
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Document Summary
Mutation within a gene: changes a single nucleotide, deletes or duplicates 1+ nucleotides. Changes the codon (amino acid coded for changes) Mutation within regulatory dna: changes in the regulation of genes (mutation in the dna sequence that regulates the gene"s activity) changes in transcriptional activation. Gene duplication: an existing gene, a larger segment of dna, or a whole genome can be duplicated within a single cell. Exon shuffling: genes broken and rejoin to make a hybrid gene. Eukaryotes occurs within intron sequences that don"t code for proteins (doesn"t have to be precise to result in functioning gene) Mobile genetic elements: specialized dna sequences that can move from one chromosomal location to another alters activity/regulation of a gene. Horizontal gene transfer: a piece of dna can be transferred from the genome of one cell to another (common among bacteria) In sexually reproducing organisms, only changes to the germ line are passed on to progeny.
