HUM 223 Lecture Notes - Lecture 23: Catchphrase, Blaise Pascal, Scientific Revolution
8 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Scientific Revolution
Science in the Age of Absolutism
ž 17th and 18th century was an age of “natural law”
ž Scientific Revolution in defense of the Faith
¡Demonstrate the natural order of the universe
¡Natural Order=Divine Creator
ž Intelligent Design 1.0
¡René Descartes
¡Isaac Newton
¡Blaise Pascal
Heliocentric Challenge
ž Johannes Kepler (d. 1630)
¡Inherits idea of a changeable universe
ž Heliocentric view of the universe
¡Elliptical orbit of the planets
ž Gsalileo Galilei (d. 1642)
ž Famous for being tried by ecclesiastical inquisition
ž Forced to recant his heliocentric views or face excommunication
ž Observations via telescope
¡Observes shadows on the moon—theorized mountains and valleys
¡Observes phases of Venus
¡Observes 4 moons of Jupiter—thus similar to earth
žChallenges “Biblical” interpretation of the universe
ž Blames the Vulgate (not scriptures)
ž Galileo as an Augustinian theologian—not all information is literal
žEccl. 1:5 “The sun rises and the sun sets, and hurries back to where it rises.”
ž Psalm 93:1b “The world is firmly established; it cannot be moved.”
ž Catholic Church regarded Galileo as potentially heretical
Scientific Method
žConflict between Church and Science over use of “traditional” authority
ž Francis Bacon (d. 1626)
¡Foundation of Inductive Reasoning
¡Knowledge through observation and experiment
žThe Advancement of Learning
¡Bacon rejects reliance on ancient writers
¡Social progress by applying the scientific method
ž Challenges to the institution of Catholicism
¡Knowledge behind closed doors
¡God as bringing a reckoning to the Catholic Church
ž René Descartes (d. 1650)
¡Foundation of deductive reasoning
¡Knowledge through self-evident principles
ž Creation of scientific philosophy
¡Reliance on mathematics and logic
žDiscourse on Method (1637)
¡Understanding nature as key to understanding behaviors
¡Universality of mathematic and mechanical principles
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Document Summary
17th and 18th century was an age of natural law . Scientific revolution in defense of the faith. Famous for being tried by ecclesiastical inquisition. Forced to recant his heliocentric views or face excommunication. Observes shadows on the moon theorized mountains and valleys. Observes 4 moons of jupiter thus similar to earth. Galileo as an augustinian theologian not all information is literal. 1:5 the sun rises and the sun sets, and hurries back to where it rises. Psalm 93:1b the world is firmly established; it cannot be moved. Catholic church regarded galileo as potentially heretical. Conflict between church and science over use of traditional authority. God as bringing a reckoning to the catholic church. Cogito ergo sum i think, therefore i am . Bacon and descartes placed god at the center of the natural world. Bacon rejected the traditional authority of the catholic church. Descartes relied on human reason (rather than traditional authority) to demonstrate the.
