BIO 105QR Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Noncoding Dna, Gene Expression, Genetic Code
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1. Which mutation is an example of an adaptation?​
a. | A mutation results in decreased sperm count in humans.​ | |
b. | ​A mutation is found to be the cause of Alzheimer's Disease. | |
c. | ​A mutation results in hairless cats, reducing allergies in humans. | |
d. | ​A mutation increases the size of tomato plants. | |
e. | ​A mutation renders an individual immune to HIV infection. |
2. The prokaryotic chromosome is comprised of a ____.
a. | ​highly folded mass of a single, linear molecule of DNA | |
b. | ​loosely folded mass of a single, linear molecule of DNA | |
c. | ​highly folded mass of a double, circular molecule of DNA | |
d. | ​highly folded mass of a single, circular molecule of DNA | |
e. | ​loosely folded mass of a single, circular molecule of DNA |
3. Which methodology was used by researchers to identify the nuclear localization sequence?​
a. | infection of cells in culture with viruses containing sequential deletions of amino acids in a protein known to localize to the nucleus, followed by microscopic determination of cellular localization​ | |
b. | ​treatment of cells in culture with pharmacological agents that inhibit the nuclear pore complex, followed by microscopic determination of cellular localization | |
c. | ​transfection of cells in culture with mutant human proteins containing sequences believed to be required for nuclear localization followed by microscopic determination of cellular localization | |
d. | ​fluorescently labeling cells with known nuclear proteins and tracking changes in localization in the presence or absence of nuclear pore complex proteins | |
e. | ​treatment of cells in culture with pharmacological agents that binds to the nuclear localization sequence and prevents nuclear transport, followed by microscopic determination of cellular localization27. Cells actively secreting enzymes would likely carry out more ____ than other cells.​ |
4. Cells actively secreting enzymes would likely carry out more ____ than other cells.​
a. | exocytosis​ | |
b. | ​osmosis | |
c. | ​endocytosis | |
d. | ​conjugation | |
e. | ​Fractionation |
5. What is a function of prokaryotic common pili?​
a. | ​biofilm formation | |
b. | ​transfer of DNA | |
c. | ​protein polymerization | |
d. | ​energy production | |
e. | ​lipid synthesis |
QUESTION 1. Choose the true statement about prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA replication. A.Eukaryotic DNA replication involves less protein factors than does prokaryotic DNA replication. |
B. Prokaryotic DNA polymerases replicate DNA 5' to 3', while eukaryotic DNA polymerases replicate DNA 3' to 5'. |
C. Eukaryotic DNA replication begins at multiple origins of replication, while prokaryotic DNA replication begins at a single origin of replication. |
D. Prokaryotic genomes take longer to replicate than eukaryotic genomes. |
QUESTION 2. Bacterial cells use DNA replication to:
A. make back-up copies of their genome in case of a mutation. |
B. manifest multiple phenotypes at once. |
C. copy their genetic material prior to binary fission. |
D. build functional proteins. |
QUESTION 3. Choose the true statement about the genetic code.
A. A cell's mRNA code is read four nucleotides at a time to specify a single amino acid. |
B. The genetic code encodes 64 amino acids, one for each of the 64 corresponding codons. |
C. The genetic code is redundant, with multiple codons specifying a single amino acid. |
D. The genetic code varies widely among organisms, with each having a different set of codons for a corresponding amino acid. |
QUESTION 4. Of the following enzymes, which are correctly matched with their function? To be marked correct, you'll need to select all correctly matched statements, as there may be more than one correct answer.
A. Helicase, relieves torsion stress as DNA unwinds |
B. Ligase, covalently bonds adjacent Okazaki fragments |
C. Primase, removes RNA primers |
D. DNA polymerase III, builds most of the DNA on the leading and lagging strand |
QUESTION 5. Which of the following contributes to DNA replication accuracy? To be marked correct, you'll need to select all true statements, as there may be more than one correct answer.
A. The capacity to proofread improves DNA replication accuracy. |
B. A slow rate of DNA replication contributes to accuracy. |
C. The use of primase improves DNA replication accuracy. |
D. DNA replication accuracy is improved thanks to complementary base pairing rules. |