NEHC 20012 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Military Elite, Janissaries, Comparative Advantage
6 Sep 2016
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Early chronology: 1326 bursa captured (most important city in bithynia) Ottoman"s first capital city: 1327 orhan, son of osman, struck coins (sign of independence, 1331 iznik captured; medrese established, orhan married the daughter of kantakuzenos, a contender to byzantine throne. Ottomans would undertake strategic marriages: 1354 ottomans gained foothold in europe, 1361 adrianople (edirne) fell. The ghazi thesis (inscription: sehadet mosque, bursa, 1337, exaltation of orhan, son of osman, question of authenticity; at this point, ottomans did not write down much history. Competitive advantages of the ottomans: location - ottomans. Sogut: very close to main trade route across anatolia. In well-protected pocket near main route: locations byzantines. Indigenous resistance to byzantine rule, chiefly among bulghars, serbs. Large aristocratic estates absorbed nearby free peasantry. Led to deterioration of economic and military bases of the empire. Greek orthodox population fanatically opposed to latin influences. The great schism, 1054, mutual excommunication of eastern orthodox. 1204: fourth crusade; latin sack of constantinople: ottomans.
