BIOL 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Hacrobia, Phylogenetic Tree, Nuclear Membrane
Document Summary
Phylogenetic trees shows which groups are more closely related to each other. Monophyletic - single biologiny; an ancestor and all of its descendents. At the tips kingdom or organism depending on what level the phylogeny is at. Nodes - branching points ancestors before diverging into 2 kingdoms. In some phylogenies, the branches represent time (past present) In some trees, the branch length represents the amount of change between organisms. Supported by evidence (e. g. comparing genomes btw different groups) New evidence often results in alternate hypotheses. At the level of supergroups pretty firmed up ; well established. Polytomy - branching points occur at the same time; not sure what organisms are more closely related to each other (degree of relatedness is unresolved) Resolved - branching points that occur at different times (e. g. animals and choanoflagellates more closely related than fungi) Dashed line - indicates an orphan group; very uncertain (e. g. hacrobia group)
