PHIL 141 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Socratic Dialogue, Substance Theory
21 Nov 2016
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Never discusses how to properly define a term. Competing world view: discuss basic kinds of reality, primary substance. The primary examples are individual living things biological focus: 2(cid:271)428 (cid:862)he(cid:374)(cid:272)e all the other thi(cid:374)gs areother thi(cid:374)gs e(cid:454)ist(cid:863)". In the first chapter of categories; aristotle distinguishes several concepts from one another: homonymous vs. synonymous. Homonymous share a name in common, but the essences are different. Example: pen can be either a writing instrument or an enclosure for animals: share a (cid:272)o(cid:373)(cid:373)o(cid:374) (cid:374)a(cid:373)e (cid:271)ut their (cid:862)fu(cid:374)(cid:272)tio(cid:374)(cid:863) are (cid:374)ot the sa(cid:373)e. Synonymous share a name and the account of the essence. Example: we are all humans and in the exact same sense (what it means to be a human is the same) Today, homonymy and synonymy are in relation to literary but aristotle utilizes the(cid:373) i(cid:374) a relatio(cid:374) to (cid:862)thi(cid:374)gs(cid:863) rather tha(cid:374) the (cid:272)o(cid:374)(cid:272)eptuals.
