BIOL 3070 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Linnaean Taxonomy, Divergent Evolution, Structural Similarity
Document Summary
Developmental - body plan of organisms and how they develop. Phylogenetic - specimens of close relatives. examining close relatives of a certain species to see the features they share. Determine how the diverse groups of vertebrates are related to each other. Classifying organisms into groups based on features they shared. Hierarchical system composed of groups within groups: kingond, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species. Each species given a binomial 2 part name. But this system is no longer used today. Systematic biologists use identification of shared features among organisms as a tool for understanding evolutionary relationships of these organisms. In the method, organisms are classified based on their shared possessions of newly derived features called synapomorphies. A clade contains all the descendants of a single common ancestor. Structural similarity based on common ancestry, where the structure is derived from common parts. Divergent evolution - structures with a difference in appearance: analogy.
