ENGL-1030 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Counterclaim, Inductive Reasoning, Stephen Toulmin
27 Feb 2017
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Composing arguments notes: invention, arrangement, style, memory, delivery. Creating and constructing ideas and identifying the best modes of persuasion. Your task as a writer is to forge a powerful text that argues your point- the focus of your invention- and to convince others to agree with you. Ordering and laying out ideas through effective organization. Common structures authors use to organize ideas. 6-part structure: introduction, statement of facts or background, division, proof, refutation, and conclusion. Consists of: claim, grounds, warrants, backing, rebuttal, and qualification. Center your argument on mutual understanding and common ground to make the audience more open to your position. Qualification (limits or adjustments to your claim) Warrant (underlying assumption that connects your claim and your grounds) Backing (evidence, statements, or reasons that support the warrant) Concerns choosing the appropriate expression for the ideas of your argument. It also concerns choices in language, tone, syntax, rhetorical appeals, metaphors, imagery, quotations, and level of emphasis.
