GEN-3020 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Chromatin Remodeling, Dna Replication, Polytene Chromosome
11 Oct 2016
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Document Summary
Nucleic acid, either dna or rna, single or double stranded. Viral genetic material is inert until released into host cell. Able to package long dna into a small volume just like bacteria and eukaryotic cells. Their dna is associated with hu and h-ns dna-binding proteins (histone-like nucleoid structuring protein) Unlike viral chromosomes, bacterial chromosomes are readily replicated and transcribed. Supercoiling is closed-circular molecules and is more compact and sediment more rapidly than linear forms. Topoisomerases are enzymes that cut one or both dna strands and wind or unwind helix before resealing ends. Supercoiled dna and topoisomerases are found in eukaryotes. Prokaryote and eukaryote dna - replication and transcription create supercoils downstream as double helix unwinds. Polytene chromosomes represent paired homologs and re unusual; not usually found in eukaryotic cells. Can be seen in nuclei of interphase cells. Are found in various tissues: salivary, rectal, midgut, and excretory tubules.
