GEN-3020 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Dna Replication, Sister Chromatids, Allosome
10 Sep 2016
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There are two major groups of life: eubacteria and eukaryotes: eubacteria true bacteria are prokaryotes, i. e. bacteria and archaea, eukaryotes true nucleus include protists, plants, fungi and animals. Prokaryotes lack a nucleus but rather have a nucleoid. They are relatively small (1-10 m) in size and tend to have one circular dna molecule contributing to their genome. Dna is not complexed with histones in eubacteria therefore it is not compressed as we see in eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotes also lack a cytoskeleton and membrane bound organelles, such as the mitochondria. Eukaryotes have a true nucleus with a relatively large amount of dna contributing to their genome. They are larger than prokaryotes and range from 10 m to. Bacteria have circular dna and eukaryotes have complexed dna with the use of histone proteins. Telo - at one end: origin of replication is the nitrogenous base sequence that initiates dna synthesis. Without this start sequence, there can be no replication.
