MICR-4010 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Short-Chain Fatty Acid, Dietary Fiber, Microbiota
5 Nov 2018
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Document Summary
Functions found in germ free mice (mice without microbiota) The mice would die due to vitamin deficiencies. Microflora has huge effect on the organisms: Development of immune system, organs, brain communication and behavior are affected. When microflora is reintroduced the microbe gets fat when food is decreased. Fermentation: extraction of additional calories from indigestible oligosaccharides. Turns dietary fiber into short chain fatty acids. Prevents accumulation of toxic metabolites such as d-lactate. Decrease in butyrate producing microbes is associated with certain diseases. Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron: uses dietary carbs when they are available but will digest host mucus layer if the host is starved. Fermentation promotes uptake of dietary lipids (modulate uptake and deposition of lipase) and glucose (upregulates glucose transporter) Microbes may account of differences in drug toxicity because different microbes degrade different drugs differently. Which means some drugs affect different people differently. Metabolism of dietary compounds that influence human health. Oral bacteria => nitrate to nitrite (denitrification)
