BMS 360 Lecture Notes - Pregnenolone, Cholesterol, Low-Density Lipoprotein
Document Summary
Understand the difference between endocrine and exocrine cells/signaling. Know the different classes of hormones, and how their physical properties affect their signaling. Understand how endocrine activity is regulated and the overall layout of the endocrine system. Group of secretory cells that release a chemical (hormone) in the bloodstream which acts on a target cell and modulates its activity. Maintain optimal biochemical environment in the body (metabolism, homeostasis, water and nutrient balance) Prostaglandins derived from arachidonic acid (created by action of phospholipase) Arachidonic acid cyclooxygenase pathways pge2 (vasodilation, gi tract muscle), Example: releasing hormones, pituitary hormones, gi tract hormones, pancreatic hormones. Messenger rna on the ribosomes binds amino acids into a peptide chain called a preprohormone. The chain is directed into the er lumen by a signal sequence of amino acids. Enzymes in the er chop off the signal sequence, creating an inactive prohormone. The prohormone passes from the er through the golgi apparatus.
