BMS 360 Lecture Notes - Respiratory Center, Peripheral Chemoreceptors, Carotid Body
Document Summary
The co2 produced in tissues is converted in rbc to carbonic acid, which dissociates to release hco3. This reduces free h+, so venous blood (ph 7. 36) is only slightly more acidic than arterial blood (ph 7. 40) At the lungs, this reaction is reversed to produce co2 and water. With adequate ventilation, none of the h+ from cellular respiration normally enters arterial blood. Respiratory acidosis (arterial ph < 7. 35): due to hypoventilation and increased arterial pco2 and h+ Respiratory alkalosis (arterial ph > 7. 45): due to hyperventilation and reduced arterial pco2 and h+ Localization of peripheral and center control systems that regulate ventilation. Chemosensory neurons are located in the aorta (aortic bodies) and in the left and right carotid artery (carotid bodies). These sensory afferent neurons alter cns regulation of the rate of ventilation. Chemoreceptors are sensitive to small changes in the carbon dioxide content of the arterial blood to change ventilation rate.
