BMS 420 Lecture Notes - Catecholamine, Sympathetic Nervous System, Osmotic Concentration

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4 Apr 2014
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Heart rate ( sympathetic adrenergic and parasympathetic activity) Stroke volume ( cvp; inotropy; lusitropy) Vasoconstriction in splanchnic, nonactive muscle, and renal circulation ( sympathetic adrenergic activity) Hr: may increase to 180 b/min with ans. Stroke volume: increase up to 2 times but plateau reached as filling time of ventricles limited increased inotropy (atrial/ventricles) and lusitropy. Cardiac output: potential to increase 5 6 times due to venoconstriction (sympathetic), arterial dilation (metabolites), pumping action of skeletal/respiratory pumps on venous return, frank- Starling mechanism in severe exercise only, fluid shifts from inactive tissues due to lower capillary pressure and higher osmolarity of plasma. Hr & inotropy increase due to circulating catecholamines. Arterial blood pressure: sbp increases due to increase in stroke volume as well as fact that. Tpr: decreases overall related to mass of active muscles vasoconstriction of many organ systems (git, renal) and inactive muscles. Impact of blood removal on cardiac output and arterial blood pressure. 35 45% of blood removed death.

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