BMS 460 Lecture Notes - Arteriole, Embolus, Macrophage
26 Apr 2014
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Document Summary
Blood pressure in the cardiovascular system when co = 0. Cardiac performance cardiac output, venous return, contractility, preload, ionotropy, afterload, heart rate. Contractility force of contraction independent of preload or afterload. Afterload pressure in the aorta or pulmonary artery. P change in pressure, pressure gradient, perfusion pressure. Cardiac output = (edv esv) x hr. While there are many similarities in structure throughout the vasculature, some features change according to hemodynamic forces and tissue requirements. Thick-walled aorta withstands pulsatile flow and higher pressures (windkessel effect) better than thinner veins. Arterial wall thickness decreases in the smaller vessels but the wall thickness to lumen diameter is greater meaning the proportional thickness is greater. Intima: endothelium and thin subendothelial connective tissue next to internal elastic lamina. Media is between the internal elastic lamina and external elastic lamina. Adventitia: outermost region with connective tissue, nerves and vasa vasorum.
