BMS 450 Lecture Notes - Dementia, Neuropathology, Memantine
Document Summary
Impairment of at least one of the following. Speech, written or spoken words (no sensory loss) Motor function (with intact sensory system & comprehension) Above impairments severe enough to interfere with normal life (e. g. inability to bathe, feed, clothe oneself; inability to remember, reason, think independently) Total direct and indirect annual care cost: billion. Home care 70% cases (highly stressful), 30% nursing homes. Nursing home cost: 75,000 per year, depending on care level. 4 million new health care workers are needed to meet demand. More women than men have ad (longer life-span) Early onset ad: <5 8% of cases. Half of early-onset cases (5%) are of unknown cause. Half of early-onset cases (<3%) have autosomal dominant gene mutations (familial ad) Presenilin 1 gene (membrane protein; cleaves app protein; increases -amyloid and plaque formation) Presenilin 2 gene (similar role to presenilin 1) Late-onset ad (sporadic ad): 5 million usa cases. 10 15% of cases have family history of ad.
