HES 145 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Insulin Resistance, Blurred Vision, Prediabetes
8 Dec 2016
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Document Summary
It is the fastest growing chronic disease in american history. Diabetes kills more americans each year than breast cancer and aids combined. The direct and indirect costs of treating diabetes in the us total billion. In healthy people, glucose is taken up efficiently by body cells. Carbohydrates from the foods are broken down into a monosaccharide. Liver and muscle cells store glucose as glycogen, then use it as needed to fuel metabolism, movement, and other activities. Pancreas: an organ located just beneath the stomach that secretes a hormone called insulin. Insulin: stimulates cells to take up glucose from the bloodstream and use it for immediate energy. Type 1 diabetes is an immune disorder. The individual"s own immune system attacks and destroys the insulin- making cells in the pancreas. Risk increases with european ancestry, a genetic predisposition, and an environmental insult such as a viral infection. Daily insulin injections, or insulin infusion, are required for survival.
